– One year of study in West Germany on scholarship from West German Government, German Canadian Choir Association and the Concordia Club and Choirs. Studies with Karlheinz Stockhausen and Earl Brown in Cologne. Choral conducting in Mainz. Worked as assistant in the Mainz City Opera House. Attended various courses in composition in Darmstadt, Bilthoven, Holland, etc. Took choral conducting exams at Mainz University and awarded “Staats Exam” papers.